Dampak Transformasi Ekonomi Indonesia

Kajian Historis dan Konteks Sosial dari Agraris ke Industri

Abstract

This study explores the economic transformation of Indonesia from a predominantly agrarian society to an industrial and service-oriented economy. Using a historical approach, the research analyzes the shifts in economic structure since the colonial era, the rise of industrialization during the New Order period, and the long-term social impacts such as urbanization, labor migration, and regional inequality. It highlights structural challenges, including labor market mismatches and environmental degradation due to land conversion, as well as emerging opportunities like social mobility, the rise of the middle class, and access to education and technology. By integrating historical, economic, and sociological perspectives, this study aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of how structural economic changes shape Indonesian society. The research also emphasizes the need for inclusive policies that address spatial inequality and enhance workforce adaptability to ensure sustainable and equitable development.